Peru is a land of three diverse geographical regions. Not far outside the historical city of Cuzco lie the famous ruins of the Machu Pichu, situated in the Peruvian highlands. The Andean mountain region is home to millions of Indians. The pacific coastal strip is extremely arid, almost desert, and it is here that the capital Lima is situated. A day’s bus ride north will take the visitor back into the mountains to Huaraz. From here there are numerous trekking and mountaineering opportunities amongst the highest mountains in the Andes. By contrast half of the country’s area lies in the Amazon basin.